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Designated a National Park in 1952, the North York Moors include
the largest area of heather upland in England, rising from the Vale
of York and continuing to the North Sea coast where dramatic cliffs
expose the geology that shaped this unique environment.This guide
from award winning publishers Pocket Mountains features 40 coast
and country walks that take in the very best the Moors have to
offer - tranquil dales, stunning coastline, ancient woodlands,
charming moorland villages and spectacular ruined castles and
monasteries - as well as one of the country's best heritage
railways.
The Yorkshire Dales combine a wild limestone landscape of high
rolling moorland gouged by dramatic caves and cascading waterfalls
with peaceful farmland carpeted in wildflowers and dotted with
ruined abbeys, ancient stone walls and barns, and timeless villages
waiting to be discovered.The 40 moderate walks in this collection
from award winning publisher Pocket Mountains highlight the very
best the area has to offer and include adventures in Wharfedale,
Malhamdale, Nidderdale, Ribblesdale, Wensleydale, Swaledale and
Dentdale. Many routes make use of sections of established
long-distance trails such as the Pennine Way and the Dales Way.
The home of Heathcliffe and Nora Batty, the wild and wuthering
South Pennines is where Yorkshire and Lancashire collide, a
watershed landscape of great natural beauty which is home to proud
and welcoming communities with a heritage of rugged farming and
industrial hard graft. This collection of forty walks explores the
steep-sided valleys, heather moorlands, craggy hills and gritsone
villages which have inspired and attracted writers and artists for
generations to this unspoilt upland haven just a stone's throw from
some of northern England's largest towns and cities.
Features 20 walks suitable for all abilities.
Don't underestimate Lancashire! Although it is one of the UK's most
populous counties, it is also largely a rural one, including no
less than three Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and abutting
the Pennines, Dales and Lake District, There is a huge variety of
contrasting and inspiring walking country, from the coast to hills
and from forests to moors. This collection of 40 favourite walks
offers a remarkable range of excellent walking opportunities.
A ground-breaking new book, Beyond Human Error: Taxonomies and
Safety Science deconstructs the conventional concept of "human
error" and provides a whole new way of looking at accidents and how
they might be prevented. Based on research carried out in the rail,
nuclear, and defense industries, the authors show how, by
concentrating solely on "human error," systems and sociological
factors are frequently ignored in contemporary safety science. They
also argue that the "information processing" view of human
cognition, the foundation of the majority of safety science and
ergonomics, is hopelessly simplistic and leads to ineffective or
even misguided intervention strategies. Wallace and Ross explore
how what they call the "technically rational" view of science can
hamper the process of creating a taxonomy of error events, and the
implications this has for the current orthodoxy. In laying out the
limitations of the "technically rational" viewpoint, they clearly
define their own alternative approach. They begin by demonstrating
that the creation of reliable taxonomies is crucial and provide
examples of how they created such taxonomies in the nuclear and
rail industries. They go on to offer a critique of conventional
"frequentist" statistics and provide coherent, easy to use
alternatives. They conclude by re-analyzing infamous disasters such
as theSpace Shuttle Challenger accident to demonstrate how the
"standard" view of these events ignores social and distributed
factors. The book concludes with a stimulating and provocative
description of the implications of this new approach for safety
science, and the social sciences as a whole. While providing a
clear and intelligible introduction to the theory of human error
and contemporary thinking in safety science, Wallace and Ross mount
a challenge to the old orthodoxy and provide a practical
alternative paradigm.
Professionals striving for accident reduction must deal with
systems in which both technical and human elements play equal and
complementary roles. However, many of the existing techniques in
ergonomics and risk management concentrate on plant and technical
issues and downplay human factors and "subjectivity." Safety
Management: A Qualitative Systems Approach describes a body of
theories and data that addresses safety by drawing on systems
theory and applied psychology, stressing the importance of human
activity within systems. It explains in detail the central roles of
social consensus and reliability and the nature of verbal reports
and functional discourse. This text presents a new approach to
safety management, offering a path to both greater safety and to
economic savings. It presents a series of methodological tools that
have proven to be reliable through extensive use in the rail and
nuclear industries. These methods allow organizational and systems
failures to be analyzed much more effectively in terms of quantity,
precision, and usefulness. The concepts and tools described in this
book are particularly valuable for reliability engineers, risk
managers, human factors specialists, and safety managers and
professionals in safety-critical organizations.
Recent work has demonstrated that incidents, accidents and disasters tend to result from complex socio-technical failures, rather than just 'human error' on the one hand, or simple technical failures on the other. For the reduction of accidents, therefore, it is necessary to deal with systems factors, in which both technical and human-factors elements play an equal and complementary role. However, many of the existing techniques in ergonomics and risk management concentrate on plant/technical issues and downplay human factors and "subjectivity". The present text describes a body of theory and data which addresses this issue squarely, drawing on systems theory and applied psychology, and which stresses the importance of human agency within systems. The central roles of social consensus and reliability, and the nature of verbal reports and 'functional discourse' are explained in some detail.
This book therefore presents a new, 'Qualitative Systems Approach' to safety management, offering both greater safety and economic savings. It presents a series of methodological 'tools' whose reliability and validity have been shown through extensive work in the rail and nuclear industries and which allow organisational and systems failures to be analysed much more effectively in terms of quantity, precision and usefulness.
This is a textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in occupational psychology, human factors, ergonomics and HCI, and the sociology of disasters and risk. It is also useful for safety managers and professionals in many safety critical firms and organisations, reliability engineers, risk managers, and human factors specialists.
First Published in 1996. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor &
Francis, an informa company.
First Published in 1996. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor &
Francis, an informa company.
Innovating Professional Services provides a practical and detailed
guide for change agents and leaders in professional service firms
who are seeking to transform their firm's performance through
innovation. Focusing on the professional services sector, the book
highlights process innovation - the re-engineering of services and
internal support processes to reduce cost and increase value to
clients. Detailed techniques such as the use of lean, process
mapping, waste identification, service experience mapping and value
profiling are explained, drawing on the author's extensive
experience in working with leading law, business service and
consulting firms to create measurable improvements. With case
studies to illuminate the challenges of driving major improvement
through innovation, this book is valuable reading for leaders and
change agents in law firms, accountants, consultants, architects,
financial services and engineering services.
A ground-breaking new book, Beyond Human Error: Taxonomies and
Safety Science deconstructs the conventional concept of "human
error" and provides a whole new way of looking at accidents and how
they might be prevented. Based on research carried out in the rail,
nuclear, and defense industries, the authors show how, by
concentrating solely on "human error," systems and sociological
factors are frequently ignored in contemporary safety science. They
also argue that the "information processing" view of human
cognition, the foundation of the majority of safety science and
ergonomics, is hopelessly simplistic and leads to ineffective or
even misguided intervention strategies.
Wallace and Ross explore how what they call the "technically
rational" view of science can hamper the process of creating a
taxonomy of error events, and the implications this has for the
current orthodoxy. In laying out the limitations of the
"technically rational" viewpoint, they clearly define their own
alternative approach. They begin by demonstrating that the creation
of reliable taxonomies is crucial and provide examples of how they
created such taxonomies in the nuclear and rail industries. They go
on to offer a critique of conventional "frequentist" statistics and
provide coherent, easy to use alternatives. They conclude by
re-analyzing infamous disasters such as theSpace Shuttle Challenger
accident to demonstrate how the "standard" view of these events
ignores social and distributed factors. The book concludes with a
stimulating and provocative description of the implications of this
new approach for safety science, and the social sciences as a
whole.
While providing a clear and intelligible introductionto the
theory of human error and contemporary thinking in safety science,
Wallace and Ross mount a challenge to the old orthodoxy and provide
a practical alternative paradigm.
This book concerns the 'cognitivist' or 'information processing'
approach to psychology, what it is (was?), how it originated, and
whether and how desirable it is to look for ways that go beyond it.
The roots of cognitivism lie deep in the history of Western
thought, and to develop a genuinely post-cognitivist psychology,
this investigation goes back to presuppositions descended from
Platonic/Cartesian assumptions and beliefs about the nature of
thought. It then tackles the practical question of how might
psychologists (and linguists and philosophers) 'do' post-
cognitivism? Will the psychology go on with merely the 'theoretical
backdrop' changed, or will post-cognitivism require the development
of new approaches and new methodologies?
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